Vehicle shock-absorbing apparatus.



PATENT@ MAY 5, 1908.

R. M. LU'VBJOY. VEHICLE SHOCK ABSORBING APPARATUS.

APPLICATION IILED MARZB. 19074 "iletaiishowing the means l`or NETE STATES P TE FFIC.

RALPH M. LUVEJOY, OF'MEREDITH; NEW HAMPSHIRE.

VEHICLE SHOCK-ABSO-RBING APPARATUS.

Specification of Letters' Patent.

Patented May 5, 190B,

Application filed March 28, 1'907. Serial No. 365,149.

['o al! 11b/tom it muy concern:

lie it known that LRAmnM.LovE.1or, a

.lmprov-ementin Vehicley Shock-Absorbing .`\.pparatus, ot which the following description, in connection with 'the accompanying drawing. is a speciiication, like lett-ers on the drawing representing like parts.

rl`his invention relates to an apparatus for taking up or absorbing the shocks and jars occurringr in the movement of a vehicle overa road of any description, but it is particularly designed foruse in connection with automobiles.

It is well known that springs, nicumatic tires and other devices fail to take care of satisfactorily the shocks and which arise in the operation oi' such vehicles. 'lhe present invention is designed to absorb these shocks andjars, and will preferably he used in place of springs or similar devices, and

may even render unnecessary the use of pneumatic or elastic. tires.

The present invention enables vehicles, such for example as automobiles, to be operated over rough and irregular roadways, without the impartatiou oi' disagreeable shocks and jars to the body ot' the vehicle, and in its preferitaldorm makes use of a compressed air bult'er to wliich'the shocks and puns are conveyed through the medium of a .iqnid The invention will appear more fully from ihr accompanying description and drawing` and will bc particularly pointed out iu the appended claims.

The drawings represent an apparatus cnibodying the invention as applied to an auto` mobile, allparts. other than those necessary lto an understandingr ol' the invention, being omitted.

ln the drawings, Figure l represents in side elevation and partly in cross-section, a'

portion oi an automobile body and running gear, with a lpreferred form oi' the invention adapted thereto; Fig. 2 represents' in plan and partly in horizontal cross-secthm, a portion of the parts shown in Fig. i; Fig. 3 is a limiting the sidewise movement between the aut-omovbile body and running gear.

'lhe drawing shows the parts arranged in aA somewhat. conventional manner, necessary in order to illustrate the workings of lthe ap- I paratus, but it will be obvious that the varii ons parts'may be positioned in accordance with the requirements of the particular vehicle and the space available, and that the that shown tor pur oses ol` illustration,

The side bars of t ie body of the vehicle are represented at A, and the forward and rear axles ol' die running gear. are represented at B and B respectively, the wheels being indicated by dotted lines. The construction of the body and running gear may be of any desired form, depending,r upon the uses to which the vehicle is to be pnt, the only essential point to be noted beine that there Inust be a vertical play allowed between the body and the ruiming gear, and as herein shown, this slay takes place between the axles and the body. For this purpose what may be termed bell-crank levers are provided, fnlcrumedvon the body, und having one arm resting on the axles. shown l'our ot' these bell-crank levers are provided, and all are shown of similar construction. 'lhey are represented at mounted on stub shat'ts (P at. the lower end of bra-ckets ("J, depending from the vehicle body. Each bell-crank lever is provided with an upright arm ("1, by which it is connected to the other parts of the apparatus, and with a horizontally-arranged arm C5, riding at its end upon the axle. As herein shown the axle is fixed against rotation, and is provided with a flat bearing Bf upon' which rides an anti-friction roller C, mounted in the arni U'. 'lhis construction is em )loyed to obviatc the friction arising from tlie slight movement back and lorth of the arm C5 upon the axle BA i The parts already described serve ot' themselves to connect the running gear with the body of the vehicle, but other additional connectionsiuay be and usually .are provided. At the rear are shown shackles D secured to and depending from the .body surroundingr the axle and provided with rubber or resilient pads D', sothat in the. event of an 'accident'or such an unusual shock as to throw the axle away from the bell-crank lever the axle will be lcaught and returned by the pad 1). used between the vehicle body and axle, as shown at the forward end vof the vehicle", where E represents a-radius-bar having at one end e ball-and-socket connection E,

with a bracket E? depending from the vehicle ln the construction Radius-hars or connections may alsobearrangement may be quite different from body, and'having at the other end a balifandsocket connection E3 with the axle. A device is also shown suitable for preventing extreme sidewise movement between the ran- Iiing gear and the bodyin Fig. 3, Where-in a rod l* is shown, havmg a ball-and-socket joint F in a bracket F2, depending from one side of the vehicle body, and a ball-andu socket connection F3 in the other end in a bracket F4, extending from thc axle.,

In the referred form of the inventionas illustrate the relative movement between beseen t at it is not essential that but one such buffer chamber he employed, but it 1s preferred to use one such chamber connected to and communicating with all of the controlling elements of the apparatus.

The controlling clement for eachend of each axle bein as herein shown, the same in lconstruction,` ut one need be described in detail. It comprises essentially a liquid chamber, a partitionin said chamber movable relative thereto, one of said parts being connected to the vehicle body and the other to the running gear, and a liquid passageway extending from said chamber to the 'butler chamber. In its preferred form and combined with additional features which adapt it to secure the best results, it is constructed substantially as shown. The liquid chamber is represented at G as a piston cylinder secured 'to the vehicle body at G. 4The movable partition is shown as a piston G3, the rod G4 of Which is connected by a link C5 to the upper end of the arm C of the bellcrank lever C. A11 additional bearing G for the piston rod is also provided. The lii. uid passageway from the liquid chamber to the ,buiier chamber is shown at H controlled by a valve H o erated by a projection. H2

extending from t e iston.

The buffer cham er used in connection with all of the liquid chambers, as herein shown, is represented as a compression tank K, containing liquid act-ingr against a suitable bufler K at its upper end, herein shown as compressed air.

The assageway H from the liquid cham- 'ber to t 1e buffer chamber may be constructed .and arranged invarious ways, but as herein shown comprises a dual passavewav formed by two p'i es H3, H4, provided with checlvvalves H5, I", res ectivoly, shown as ball-checks and arrange. so that the'upward flow of the liquid will always be Ithrough the pipe H3 and the downward flow through the ipe H4. The size of the pipesv should also e controlled in' some suitable way, and

means `for that end are herein shown as..

valves H7, H8, by which the flow of the liquid, in both directions may be governed.

An important ,feature of the invention which is preferably em loyed, residu.3 in the auxiliary bu'lfer cham er M, opening out from the liquid chamber G, and in communication therewith. This chamber is provided with a buier M, herein shown as compressed air. y

The liquid chambers and the buffer chamber, and the various other parts will all be proportioned according to the Weight and character ofthe vehicleand the load to be carried thereby, but the parts can b`e made of Small and compact size requiring to withstand only a moderate degree of pressure.

ln the operation of the a paratus as illus trated 'any slight vibration between the axle and the bodyof the vehicle will cause a movement of the piston G3, which Will be trans mitted through the liquid to the air buffer in the auxiliary buffer chamber M, and taken up there. Any extended or .sudden vibration will. cause the iston G3 to Ymake a further traverse, raise t 1e check-valve H', and. force the. liquid through the liquid passageway, and in the form shown through that branch of it preferably having the larger area, herein Shown as determined. by the valves H7, H

u'p into'the n1ain-bufferchamber K, whereV the shock will be 'taken up u onthe airbuifer K. The compression of t e air buer will at once cause a re-action, forcing' the liquid back through the passageway and preferably through that smaller branch of it shown, into the liquid chamber, and aided by the pressure in the auxiliary buffer chamber will move the piston backward, restoring the parts to normal position andv allowing the check-valve H to close. v

' The various Connections and joints are so arranged as to be readily made air and water tight. The only points where leakage of any consequence is liable to occur is in connection with the pistons -The acking G7 around the iston-rod is made as tight as pos? sible, but t 1e movement of the piston back and forth in the cylinder naturally tends more or less to suck air, and with it dust, into and out of the cylinder.

nected by a pipe 0 with the cylinderat the opposite side of the iston from the liquid c iamber The breat ing chamber O is provided With a ventilator O2, covered with fine Wire gauze. It Will.- thus be seen .that as the piston moves back and forth it will breathe into and out of the chamber @,jand if any.

Slight leakage of the liquid occurs past the piston it will gradually Work throughV the pipe O', into the bottom ofthe breathin chamber 0. Each cylinder may be and pre h To obviate this av breathing chamber 0 1s provided, and con- A 3;, latciit, is:

l@ pump S in a pige S running from thebreathing chamber to the buffer chamber K. This pump may have a slow motion and be kept running continually so t-liat any leakage that may occur may be at once pumped back into thebuffer chamber K. 'The shaft l may also operate an air pump T connected by a pipe. T with the buffer chainber K, and provided with a check-valve 'l`2 to prevent the return of the air, and between the pump 2o and the check-valve With a safety valve T,

to prevent the air pressure rising above the desired point.

The air pressure in the buffer chamber K mayY be ascertained by the employment of a suitable gage U, and the liquid may be supplied in the first instance, or whenever exhausted, to the apparatus by a suitable ,filling Aopening V in the upper part of the butler chamber K. When the liquid is supplied in this manner the pressure is, of course, iirst. removed and then brought up to the required point. l A l Having described my invention, what l claim as new and desire to secure by Letters i Vehicle shock absorbing apparatus comprising a liquid chamber, andrnperforate partition therein'i movable relatively ithereto, means for connecting one of the said parts 4o .to the vehicle running 0'ear and the other to oi' said valve by the relative movement ol the liquid chamber and partition.

2. Vehicle shock absorbing apparatus comprising a liquid chamber, an iniperforate partition therein movable relatively tlicretm 5c means for connecting one ot' the said parts to the vehicle running gear and the other to tie vehicle body, a butler chamber, a liquid passageway connecting the liquid and butter chambers, a valve in said passageway, and

means for controlling the opening and closing "iovements of said valve by the relative movements of the liquid chamber and par. titioii.

". Vehicle shock absorbing apparatus comno prising a liquid chainber, a partition therein movable relatively thereto, means for connecting one of the said parts to the vehicle ruiming gear and the other -to the Vvehicle body, a buiier chamber, a liquid passageway connecting the liquid and buil'er chambers,

and an auxiliary buffer chamber opening prising a liquid chamber, a partition therein movable relatively thereto, means l'or connecting one of the said parts to the vehiclev running gear and the other to the vehicle body, a butier chamber, a. liquid passageway connecting the liquid and buffer chambers, a valve in said passageway, inea-ns for controlling the closing movement of said valve by the relative movement of the liquid chaiiiber and partition, and an auxiliary bniier chamber opening into the liquid chamber.

5. Vehicle shock absorbing apparatus comprising a liquid chamber, a partition therein movable relatively thereto, means for coniiecting one of the said parts to .the vehicle running gear and the other to the vehicle body', a buffer chamber, a liquid passageway connecting the liquid and bui'er cliainbers,'

a valve in said passageway, means for controlling the.' opening and closing movements of saidvalve by the relative movements of the liquid chamber and partit-ion, and an auxiliary buffer chamber openinginto the liquid chamber.

6. Vehicle shock absorbing apparatus comprising a cylinder, an imperforate piston movable therein, means for connectingone of the said parts to the vehicle running gear and the other to the vehicle body, a. buer. chamber, a liquid passageway connecting the buffer chamber and cylinder, a valvein said passageway, means t'or controlling the closing movement of said valve from the relative movement of the piston and cylinder. 7. Vehicle shock absorbing apparatus oomprising a cylinder, an impert'orate pistonl movable therein, means for connecting one of the said parts to the vehicle ruiming gear' and 'the other to the vehicle body, a buffer' chamber, a liquid passageway connecting the butler chamber and cylinder, a valve in said passageway, means t'or controlling the opening and closing movements of said valve from the relative movements ot' thc piston and cylinder.

h'. Vehicle shock absorbing apparatus comprising a cylinder, a piston movable therein, means for connecting one ot' the said parts to the vehicle ruiming gear and theother to the. vehicle body, a butler chamber, a liquid passageway connecting the buil'eil chamber and cylinder, a check-valve in said passage` wavopening toward the biiil'er chamber, and an auxiliary biitl'ci chai-uber opening into the liquid end of the cylinder.

i). Vehicle shock absorbing apparatuscoinprising a cylinder, a piston movable therein means l'oi connecting one of the said parts to the vehicle running gear and the other to the vehicle body, a buifcr chamber, a liquid passageway connecting the .bufl'er chaii'iber and cylinder, a valve. in said passageway,

means for controlling the closing movement of said valve from the relative movement of the piston and cylinder, and an auxiliary bufle'r chamber opening into the liquid end of the cylinder.v

10. Vehicle shock absorbing apparatus comprising a cylinder', a piston movable therein, means tor connecting one of the said parts tothe vehicle running gear and the other to the vehicle body, a buiier chamber, a liquid passageway connecting the buffer chamber and cylinder, a valve in said passageway, means for controlling the opening and closing .movements of said valve from the relative movements of the piston and `cylinder, an auxiliary butler chamber opening into the liquid end of the cylinder.

11. VehicleA shock absorbing apparatus comprising a cylinder, a .piston movable therein, means for connecting one of the said parts to the velncle running gear and the other to the vehicle body, a buffer chamber, a' liquid passageway connecting the buffer chamber and cylinder, avclieck-valve in said assageway opening toward the buffer chamoer, and a breathing chamber open to the air and connected by'a passageway with the non-liquid end of the cylinder,

12. Vehicle shock absorbing apparatus comprising 'a cylinder, apiston movable therein., means for connecting one ofthe said parts to the'vehicle running gear and the,

other to the vehicle body, a bufier chamber, a liquid passageway connecting the bufler chamber and cylinder, a check-valve in said assageway opening toward the 'buffer chamlier, means for controlling the closing movement of said valve from the relative movement of the piston and cylinder, and a breathing chamber open to the lair and connected by a passageway with the non-liquid end of the cylinder.

' 13. Vehicle shock absorbing apparatus comprising a cylinder, a piston movable therein, means for connecting one ol' the said parts to the vehicle running gear and the other to the vehicle body, a buil'cr chamber, .a liquid passageway connecting the bufl'er chamber and cylinder, a check-valve in said passageway opening toward the bul'er chamer, an auxiliary buii'cr chamber opening into the liquid end of the cylinder, and a breathing chamber open to the air land connected by a passageway with the non-liquid end ol the cylinder;

14. Vehicle shock absorbing apparatus comprising a cylinder, a piston ,movable therein, means for connecting pne of the said Vparts to the vehicle running? gear and the 'other to the vehicle body, a butler. chamber, Valiquid passageway connecting the butler chamber and cylinder, a check-valve in said assageway opening toward the buiier chamber, means for controlling the closing movementof said valve from the relative movesacem ment of the iston and cylinder, an auxiliary buffer chamber o ening into the liquid end of the cylinder, an( a breathing chamber open to the air and connected by a passageway with the non-liquid end of the cylinder.

l15. Vehicle shock absorbing apparatus comprising a cylinder, a piston movable therein, means for connecting one of the said parts to, the vehicle running gear and the other to the vehicle body, a buffer chamber, a liquid passageway connecting the bu'fier chamber and cylinder, a check-valve in said passageway opening toward the buffer chain'- ber, a breathing chamber open to the air and connected by a passageway with the nonliquid end ol the cylinder, and a passageway connecting the breathing chamber andbbuffer chamber and provided with means for pumping liquid from the former into the latter.

16. Vehicle shock absorbing apparatus comprising a cylinder, a piston` movable therein, means for connecting one of the said parts to the vehicle running gear and the other to the vehicle body, a'buifer chamber,

a liquid passageway connecting` the butter parts to the vehicle running gear 'and the other to the vehicle body, a buffer chamber, a liquid passageway connecting the buffer chamber and cylinder, ac heck-valve in said passageway opening toward the buii'er chamber, an auxiliary buiicr chamber opening into the liquid `end of the cylinder, a breathing chamber open to the air and connected by a passagevnC '.with the non-liquid end of the cylinder, and a passageway connecting the breathing chamber and buffer chamber and provided with ,means for pumping liquid from the former into the latter. 18. Vehicle shock absorbing apparatus comprising a cylinder, a piston movable therein, means'for connecting one of the said parts to the vehicle running gear and the other to the vehicle body, .a buifer chamber, a liquid passageway connectingthe bui'l'er chamber and cylinder, a check-valve in said )assageway opening toward the butler chamer, means for controlling the closing movementot said valve from the relative movementol' the iston and cylinder, .an auxiliary buffer cham. er o enmg into theA liquid end of the cylinder, a reatlung chamber open to the air and connected by a aesagevvay With the non-liquid end of the cy inder, and a passageway connecting the breathing chamber and butler chamber and provided with means for pumping liquid from the former into the latter. y

19. Vehicle shock absorbing apparatus comprising a plurality of liquid chambers, each provided with an imperforatepartition therein movable relatively'thereto, means in each instance for connecting one of the said part-s to the vehiclerunnimy gear and the other to the vehicle body, a lutter chamber, liquid passageways connecting each liquid chamber to the buii'er chamber, a valve in4 each of said passagewavs, and means for controlling the closing'movement of each valve by the relative movement of the liquid chamber and partition connect-ed with its passage way.

20. Vehicle shock absorbing apparatus comprising a plurality of li uid chambers, each provided with' an imper orate partition therein movable relatively thereto, means in each instance for connecting one of the said parts to the vehicle runninCr gear and the other to the vehicle body, a butler chamber, liquid passageways connecting each liquid chamber to the butler chamber, a valve in each of said passageways, and means/for controlling the'opening and closing movements of each valve by the rela tive movements of the liquid chamber and partition connected with its assageivay.

21. Ve iicle shock absorbing a paratus 'comprising a plurality of liquid c ainbers,

each provided With a partition therein movable relatively thereto, means in each in-Y stance for connecting one of the said parts to. the vehicle running crear and the other to the vehicle body, a bufljer chamber, liquid passagewa 's connecting each liquid chamber to the bu er-ehamber, a valve in each of said passageways, means for controlling the closing movement. of eac-h valve by the relative movement of thc-liquid chamber and partition connected withits passagcwayfand an auxiliary butler chamber opening into each liquid chamber.

22. Vehicle shock absorbing a paratus comprising a plurality of liquid c ianihers` each provided with a partition therein movable relatively thereto, means in each instance for connecting' one of the said parts to the vehicle ruiming gear and the other to the vehicle body, a bu'er chamber, liquid passageivays connecting each liquid chamber to the bull'cr chamber, a valve in each of said passagcways, means for controlling the opening and closing movements ol' each valve by the relative movement ol'thc liquid chamber and partition connected with its passageway, and a bullcr chai'nber opening into each liquid chamber: .Y

313. Vehicle shock absorbing apparatus running gear, a buflei' chamber, liquid pas- 70 sagcways connecting each c vlindcr to the buffer chamber, a check-valve in each of .said passagew'avs opening toward the butter chamber, and nieans'for controlling the closingmovement. of said valve from the movement of thepiston.

"24. Vehicle shock absorbing apparatus comprising a series of cylinders, a piston movable within each cylinder, means for .connectin g each cylinderto the vehicle body,

and each iston to 'the vehicle ruiming gear, a buffer cgiamber, liquid passageways con nectine' each cylinder to the butler chamber, a chec -valve in each of said passageways vopening toward the butter chamber, means for controlling the closing movement of said valve from the movement of the piston, and a breathing chamber o en to the air and in communication with tie non-liquid end of each cvlinder.

25. Vehicle .shock absorbing apparatus comprising a series of cylinders, a piston movable vvithi'n each cylinder, means for connecting each cylinder to the vehicle bod y,

and each piston to the vehicle running gear, 9'5

a buiferchamben liquid passageways connectinr each cylinder to the butter chamber, a ohecrlbvalve in each .of said passageways ope-ning toward the lbu'er chamber, means.

-'or'controlling the closing movement of said 10o valve from the movement. of the piston, a breathing chamber open to the air and in communication withthe nondiquid end of each cylinder, and a passagewav from said breathing chamber int-o the butter chamber 195 rovided with means t'or pumping liquid om the former into thc latter.

26. Vehicle shock absorbing apparatus comprising a series of c vlindcrs, a piston movable within each cylinder, means for 11o connecting each c vliiider to the vehicle body, and eachpiston to the vehicle running gear. a butter chamber, liquid passageivays con. nect-ing each cylinder to the butler chamber,

.i check-valve in each of said passage-ways opening toward the butl'cr chamber. means for controlling the closing movement 'of said valve from the movement of the piston, and' an auxiliary buhier chamber for each cylin der in communication therewith.

27. Vehicle shockn absorbing apparatus 'comprising a cylinder, a piston movable therein, means for coniiccting one ot' the said, parts to the vehicle bodv, a bell-crank lcvc mounted on the vchi'clc bod \v and connected fila byone arm to the other of said parts, and' rovidcd on its other arm with an anti-1 riction roller adapted to rest upon thc vehicle ruiming gear.

2S. Vehicle shock labsorbing apparatus'iSO comprising a cylinder, a piston movable therein, means for connectie. one ci the said parte to the vehicle body, a ciber-anklever mounted on the vehicle body and connected by one varm to the other of said parts, and rovided onA its other arm with an. antiiction roller adapted to rest upon the vehicle running gear, a buffer chamber, a liquid passageway connecting the. bufier chamber and cylinder, a checlnvalve in said passageway opening toward the buffer chamber, means forrlzontr'olling the closing movement ofsafid' valve by the relative movement of the piston and cylinder.

29. Vehicle shock absorbing apparatus comprising a cylinder, a pistonV movable therein, means for connecting one oi the sa'id parts to the vehicle body, a bell-crank lever mounted on the vehicle body and connected by one arm to the other of said. parts, and provided on its other arm with an anti-friction roller adapted to rest upon the vehicle running gear, a buifer chamber, a liquid pas- .'avcway connecting the buii'er chamber and s cylinder, a check-valve in. said passageway opening toward the buffer chamber, means forepntrolling the closing movement .of said valve by the relative movement of the pistonV and cylinder, and an auxiliary bui/ier chamber opening into the liquid end of the cylinder.

3()m Vehicle shock absorbing apparatus comprising a cylinder, a piston movable therein, means for connecting one of the said parts to the vehicle body, albell-crank lever mounted on the vehicle body and connected by one arm to the other of said parts, and provided on its other arm`with an antiefric-V tion roller adapted to rest upoh the vehicle running gear, and a casing attached to the vehicle body and inclosing the bell-crank lever and its connection to the part attached to the vehicle body. 7

3l. Vehicle shock absorbing apparatus comprising a liquid chamber, a partition therein movable relatively thereto,. means for connecting one of the said partsto the vehicle runnin(t gear and the :other to the vehicle body, a buffer chamber, and a'dual liquid passageway connecting the liquid and buffer cham. ers, check-valves in each branch of the dual passageway to permit :flow of the liquid through the branches only in opposite directions.

32. Vehicle shock absorbing' apparatus comprising a liquid chamber, a partition 'therein movable relatively thereto, means for connecting one of the said parts, to the vehicle running gear and the other to the vehicle body, a builer chamber, anda dual liquid passafreway ycoi'mecting the liquid and4 buier cham ers, checlevalves in each branch of the duai passageway to permit ilow of the liquid through the branches oniy in. opposite acacia liquid chamber into the liquid passageway opening toward' the buerjchainber, and means for controlling the closing movement of said valve by the relative movemeiitof the liquid chamber and partition.

comprising a cylinder,v a

parts to the vehicle runnin gear and the other to the vehicle body, a uffer chamber, 4a dual liquid passageway connecting the buffer chamber and cylinder, check-valves in the branches of the li uid passageway allow ing movement of theliquid only in opposite directions in the branches.

34. Vehicle shock absorbing apparatus comprising a cylinder, a piston movable other to the vehicle body, a buffer chamber,- ,a dual liquid passageway connecting .the

k,the branches of the li uid passageway allow* ing movement of the(l directions in the branches, an. auxiliary buii'er chamber opening into the liquid end of the cylinder.

35. Vehicle shock absorbing apparatus comprising a cylinder, a piston .movable therein, means for connecting one of said parts Ito thevehicle runnin gear and the other to thevehicle body, a ufier chamber, a dual rliquid passageway connecting the butter chamber and cylinder, checlevalves in the branchesvof the li uid passageway allow- 'ing movement o the(liquid only in opposite directions in the branches, an auxiliary buffer chamber opening into the liquid Aend of the cylinder, a check-valve at the'exit from the liquid chamber into the way opening toward the. buffer clamber,

ment of said valve by the relative movement of the iston. and cylinder.

36. chicle shock absorbing apparatus comprising a cylinder,A a piston movable therein, meansI for connecting one of the said parts to the vehicle body, a bellecrank lever mounted on the vehicle body and connected by one arm to the other of said arts, and supported by its other arm upon t ie vehicle running gear, anda casing attached to the vehicle body and inclosinfr the bell-crank to the vehicle body.

In testimony whereof', I have signed' my .name to this specification, in the presence of two subscribing witnesses. I i

'RALPH M. LOVEJOY. Witnesses: l

Josnrn Sv. GRAvEs, DANIEL E. EATON.

33.v Vehicle shock absorbing 'apparatus ,'tlierein, means for connecting one of said l parts to thevehicle running gear and the iquid only in opposite' lever and its connection to the part attached4 directions, a check-valve at the enit of the V piston movable therein, means for connectlng one of said buifer chamber and cylinder, checlevalves in 105 and means forcontrolling the closing move- Y 

